What are the 5 components of a balanced literacy program. Components of Balanced Literacy. Both the decoding (reading) and encoding (phonics and spelling) of our symbol. Writer's workshop: 4-5 times per week. There are five different components of balanced literacy: The read aloud, guided reading, shared reading, independent reading, and Word study.
- Archetypal Patterns In Poetry By Maud Bodkin Pdf Book
- Archetypal Patterns In Poetry By Maud Bodkin Pdf Document
In literarycriticism the term archetype denotes recurrent narratives designs,patterns of action, character-types, themes, and images which are identifiablein a wide variety of works of literature, as well as in myths, dreams, and evensocial rituals. Such recurrent items are held to be the result of elemental anduniversal forms or patterns in the human psyche, whose effective embodiment ina literary work evokes a profound response from the attentive reader, becausehe or she shares the psychic archetypes expressed by the author. An importantantecedent of the literary theory of the archetype was the treatment of myth bya group of comparative anthropologists at Cambridge University, especially James G. Frazer, whose The Golden Bough(1890-1915) identified elemental patterns of myth and ritual that, claimed,recur in the legends and ceremonials of diverse and far-flung cultures andreligions.
An even more important antecedent was the depth psychology of Carl G. Jung(1875-1961), who applied the term“archetype” to what he called “primordial images”, the “psychic residue” ofrepeated patterns of experience in our very ancient ancestors which, hemaintained, survive in the “collective unconscious” of the human race and areexpressed in myths, religion, dreams, and private fantasies, as well as inworks of literature. Archetypalliterary criticismwas given impetus by Maud Bodkin’s Archetypal Patterns in Poetry (1934)and flourished especially during the 1950s and 1960s. Apart from him, the otherprominent practitioners of various modes of archetypal criticism were G.Wilson Knight, Robert Graves, Philip Wheelwright, Richard Chase, LeslieFiedler, and Joseph Campbell. These critics tended to emphasize the occurrenceof mythical patterns in literature, on the assumption that myths are closest tothe elemental archetype than the artful manipulation of sophisticated writers. Bodkin’s Archetypal Patterns in Poetry,the first work on the subject of archetypal literary criticism, applies Jung’stheories about the collective unconscious, archetypes, and primordial images toliterature.
It was not until the work of the Canadian literary critic NorthropFrye that archetypal criticism was theorized in purely literary terms. Themajor work of Frye’s to deal with archetypes is but his essay TheArchetypes of Literature is a precursor to the book. Frye’s thesis in“The Archetypes of Literature” remains largely unchanged in Anatomy ofCriticism. Frye’s work helped displace as the major mode of analyzing literary texts, before giving waytoand. Frye proposedthat the totality of literary works constitute a “self-contained literaryuniverse” which has been created over the ages by the human imagination so asto assimilate the alien and indifferent world of nature into archetypal formsthat serve to satisfy enduring human desires and needs. In this literaryuniverse, four radical mythoi (i.e. Plot forms, or organizing structuralprinciples), correspondent to the four seasons in the cycle of the naturalworld, are incorporated in the four major genres of comedy (spring),romance (summer), tragedy (autumn), and satire (winter).
Within theoverarching archetypal mythos of each of these genres, individual works ofliterature also play variations upon a number of more limited archetypes – thatis, conventional patterns and types that literature shares with social ritualsas well a with theology, history, law, and, in fact, all “discursive verbalstructures.” Viewed arhetypally, Frye asserted, literature turns out to play anessential role in refashioning the impersonal material universe into analternative verbal universe that is intelligible and viable, because it isadapted to universal human needs and concerns. It has beenargued that Frye’s version of archetypal criticism strictly categorizes worksbased on their genres, which determines how an archetype is to be interpretedin a text. According to this argument the dilemma Frye’s archetypal criticismfaces with more,and that of in general, isthat genres and categories are no longer distinctly separate and that the veryconcept of genres has become blurred, thus problematizing Frye’s schema. Forinstance ’sis considered a, a play withelements of tragedy and satire, with the implication that interpreting textualelements in the play becomes difficult as the two opposing seasons andconventions that Frye associated with genres are pitted against each other.
Characters:. The hero - The courageous figure, the one who's always runningin and saving the day. Example: Dartagnon from Alexandre Dumas's 'TheThree Musketeers'.
(Hamlet, Macbeth, Tom Jones, Moll, ). The outcast - The outcast is just that. He or she has been castout of society or has left it on a voluntary basis. The outcast figure canoftentimes also be considered as a Christ figure.
Example: Simon fromWilliam Golding's 'The Lord of the Flies'. ( Pandavs, Ram-Sita-laxman,Sugreve, Duke, Orlando, Rosalind in As You Like It, tramps in Godot,). The scapegoat - The scapegoat figure is the one who gets blamed foreverything, regardless of whether he or she is actually at fault. Example:Snowball from George Orwell's 'Animal Farm'. Tom Jones, Darcyin P&P (breaking of Lizzy’s sis’s relationship, elopement),Technology in BNW, Tess for death of Prince, giving birth toSorrow,. The star-crossed lovers - This is the young couple joined by love butunexpectedly parted by fate.
Example: Romeo and Juliet from WilliamShakespeare's 'Romeo and Juliet'. Tess and Angel, Heer –Ranjha, Sheeri – Farhad,.
The shrew - This is that nagging, bothersome wife alwaysbattering her husband with verbal abuse. Example: Zeena from EdithWharton's 'Ethan Frome'. Katherina in Taming of Shrew,Paul’s mother in S&L, Lizzy’s mother in P&P.
Situations/symbols:. Archetypalsymbols vary more than archetype narratives or character types, but anysymbol with deep roots in a culture's mythology, such as the forbiddenfruit in Genesis or even the poison apple in, is anexample of a symbol that resonates to archetypal critics. The task - A situation in which a character, or group ofcharacters, is driven to complete some duty of monstrous proportion.Example: Frodo's task to keep the ring safe in J. Tolkein's'The Lord of the Rings' trilogy. AthurianLegends, bring Helenback to Troy, Kurukshetra’s battle for Arjun, Savitri). The quest - Here, the character(s) are searching for something,whether consciously or unconsciously. Their actions, thoughts, andfeelings center around the goal of completing this quest.
Example:Christian's quest for salvation in John Bunyan's 'The Pilgrim'sProgress'. (Search for Holy Grail, Search for Sita, Nal-Damaanti,Savitri for Satyakam’s life, Shakuntala in Kalidas, Don Quixote,Jude, ). The loss of innocence - This is, as the name implies, a loss of innocencethrough sexual experience, violence, or any other means. Example: Val'sloss of innocence after settling down at the mercantile store in TennesseeWilliam's 'Orpheus Descending'. Moll, Tess, Tom, Jude,. Water - Water is a symbol of life, cleansing, and rebirth.It is a strong life force, and is often depicted as a living, reasoningforce. For instance, in,Shakespeare borrowed from a manuscript by William Strachey that detailed anactual shipwreck of the -bound 17th-century English sailing vesselin 1609 on the islands of Bermuda.
Shakespeare also borrowed heavily from a speechby Medea in 'sin writing 's renunciative speech; nevertheless, the unique combinationof these elements in the character of Prospero created a new interpretation ofthe sage magician as that of a carefully plotting hero, quite distinct from thewizard-as-advisor archetype of. Both of these are likely derived from priesthood authorityarchetypes, such as Celtic, or perhaps Biblical figures like, etc.; or in the case of Gandalf, the figure. References.' Archetypal Criticism.'
Archetypal Patterns In Poetry By Maud Bodkin Pdf Book
A Glossary of Literary Terms.Fort Worth: HBJ, 1993. 223 - 225. Bates, Roland. Northrop Frye.Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1971. Frye, Northrop. 'TheArchetypes of Literature.'
The Norton Anthology: Theory andCriticism. New York: Norton, 2001. 1445 - 1457. Knapp, Bettina L.'
A Jungian Approach to Literature.Carbondale and Edwardsville: Southern Illinois University Press, 1984. Ix- xvi. Leitch, Vincent B. The Norton Anthology: Theory and Criticism. Vincent B.Leitch.
New York: Norton, 2001. 1442 - 1445. 'Carl Gustav Jung.'
TheNorton Anthology: Theory and Criticism. NewYork: Norton, 2001. 987 - 990. Segal, Robert A.' Jung on Mythology.
Princeton: PrincetonUniversity Press, 1998. 3 - 48. Walker, Steven F. Jung and theJungians on Myth. New York: Garland Publishing, 1995. In, metonymy(: /m ɨ ˈ t ɒ n ɨ mi/ ) is the use ofa word for a concept with which the original concept behind this word isassociated. Metonymy may be instructively contrasted with metaphor.
Bothfigures involve the substitution of one term for another. While in metaphor,this substitution is based on similarity, in metonymy the substitution is basedon contiguity. Metaphor- The ship plowed through the sea. Metonymy - The sails crossed the ocean.In,metonymy refers to the use of a single characteristic to identify a morecomplex entity and is one of the basic characteristics of. It is commonfor people to take one well-understood or easy-to-perceive aspect of somethingand use that aspect to stand either for the thing as a whole or for some otheraspect or part of it. A few commonly used examples of metonymy are: Sweat =perspiration = hard work(metonymical); lendme thy ear. Give your responses to these questions in the minimum possible words in the COMMENT below this blog-post:.
What is Archetypal Criticism? What does the archetypal critic do?.
What is Frye trying prove by giving an analogy of ' Physics to Nature' and 'Criticism to Literature'?. Share your views of Criticism as an organised body of knowledge. Mention relation of literature with history and philosophy. Briefly explain inductive method with illustration of Shakespeare's Hamlet's Grave Digger's scene. Briefly explain deductive method with reference to an analogy to Music, Painting, rhythm and pattern.
Archetypal Patterns In Poetry By Maud Bodkin Pdf Document
Give examples of the outcome of deductive method. Refer to the Indian seasonal grid (below). If you can, please read small Gujarati or Hindi or English poem from the archetypal approach and apply Indian seasonal grid in the interpretation.
Amy Maud Bodkin (1875 in, – 1967 in ) was an English, writer on,. She is best known for her 1934 book Archetypal Patterns in Poetry: Psychological Studies of Imagination (London: Oxford University Press). It is generally taken to be a major work in applying the theories of to literature.Bodkin's other main works are The Quest for Salvation in an Ancient and a Modern Play (London and New York: Oxford University Press, 1941) and Studies of Type-Images in Poetry, Religion and Philosophy (London and New York: Oxford University Press, 1951). She lectured at from 1902 to 1914.